A summary of great ideas

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Great Ideas by Ian Crofton... In the beginning, science, knowledge, and beliefs were one, a blend of magic, art, craft, and religion. In the Middle Ages, scholars combined several disciplines; for example, Ibn Sina was a physician, philosopher, and poet all at once. However, with the advancement of science in the modern era, specialization increased, and each science became independent. University studies became increasingly specialized in a particular field, to the point that we find medical students who know little about philosophy, and philosophy students who know very little about the sciences. With the increasing demands of a difficult and complex economic life and the growing pressures, students focused solely on obtaining good grades in university to increase their job opportunities. With the pressures of work itself, there was no longer time for reading, and little by little, general culture lost its valuable advantage, which used to provide the individual with numerous benefits. Learning about the various humanities enriches the individual intellectually and spiritually; The mind’s creative ability is nourished by combining various sciences, and it is given a human character: because through it, one becomes certain that human values ​​are absolute and very broad, which expands one’s view of life, and through it, one realizes that there is no single perspective on the difficulties one faces in life. As we grasp the breadth of human thought, we realize that daily problems are nothing but a simple thing compared to the vast, extended, infinite world. The effect of this is the effect of seeing the endless sea or desert. Then you learn that the horizons of life are vast and do not stop at the limited, narrow, private daily life and the prison of the self. Hence the importance of this book appears, as it encompasses various general intellectual fields: philosophy, religion, science, politics, economics, sociology, psychology, and the arts. This book is distinguished by the fact that it explains the essential terms and ideas in these fields. By the end of reading each chapter, the reader develops a comprehensive and deep knowledge of the basics of each field, which saves him the trouble of reading many books in many fields to understand them, or perhaps it opens his appetite to follow the new developments in each field with its details and minutiae. The book is also distinguished by the fact that all the terms in it are classified in the form of a dictionary, which makes it easier for the reader to recognize any term he wants.